Variations in growth and development indices of Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench cultivated in wet and normal soils in Opolo, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Keywords:
growth, development, Abelmoschus esculentus L., Moench; wet and normal soils, Bayelsa StateAbstract
Variations in growth and development indices of Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench were evaluated in the field using wet and normal soils in Opolo, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Terrestrial plants growing in soil partially or totally submerged due to environmental hazards exhibit deterioration in certain growth and physiological attributes. The study area is a region characterized by seasonal flooding. This study was conducted to examine the response of the test crop growth and development parameters to extreme moisture stress in the soil as well as the effects of such condition on the chemical properties of experimental soil. Soil samples obtained from the two experimental locations at the depth of 1-20cm were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics using standard procedures. Viable seeds of the test crop were sown in the two experimental soils in rows and the experimental set up was maintained for 8 weeks for determination of growth and development parameters. The results of this study revealed that the pH values of both soils were slightly acidic, however, the pH value of the wet soil was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of the normal soil. The contents of available phosphorus, total nitrogen, calcium, sodium and copper in normal soil were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of the wet soil, while the magnesium, potassium and iron contents in wet soil were higher than that of the normal soil. The shoot length, leaf number, root length, root number and chlorophyll contents of the test crop in normal soil were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of the wet soil. This study suggests that the growth and development of A. esculentus L. Moench could be negatively affected at extreme level of moisture; therefore, appropriate moisture conditions are required for optimum growth performance of the test crop.
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